Name Sydney Reid Essays - Prevention, Race And Society,

Name: Sydney Reid College ID: 0591992 Thomas Edison State University General AOJ-101 Section no.: Final Project Semester and year: May 2017 Trust is lacking in the public domain when it refers to militaristic tactics that have been adopted by police in urban communities. This is a result of hundreds of years of mistreatment, discrimination, murder, and demonization of minorities in general but specifically African Americans, who have been victims of not only police brutality, but systemic brutality from the criminal injustice system in America as well as the entire political apparatus responsible for creating legislation and writing laws that guide police and the criminal justice system. This is imperative to state because without understanding the systemic racism that permeates throughout the entire society and the entire system in America, that has been built upon hundreds of years of unjust and inhumane policies, it would be impossible to understand why many urban communities distrust police and the entire system that has victimized them and their ancestors as well. Trust entails the belief by communities that police are serving the interests of the community, care about the citizens within the community, and want to collaborate with the community to protect members of the community from criminal actions. To induce this level of trust within a community, police are supposed to ensure that any actions that don't adhere to just and moral principles committed by their officers are immediately held to account to show the public that police officers are not above the law and are required to comply with the same laws that they enforce. To ensure that the public will cooperate with police agencies, these are the mandatory rules to ensure that the public will respect the police as the police are supposed to respect the public that pays their taxes to ensure that they are served and protected by the police. Respect is virtually nonexistent by police toward urban youth, as it is legal in cities such as New York, a supposedly progressive city with "liberal" ideas, yet police have the right to stop and frisk hundreds of thousands of minority males for basically walking while Black or Brown. These types of policies along with racial profiling are a continued pattern of how policing in America has been routinely applied toward minorities who police do not extend respect toward. This lack of respect even extends to life itself as the recent focus on how Black lives do not seem to matter to police as they are routinely shot and killed by police at rates disproportionate to their percent of the population, continue to occur throughout the U.S. Police have not demonstrated trustworthiness toward urban youth or their communities, and therefore, these youth fear the police as occupiers who simply come and bring pain and misery upon their relatives, selves, and friends on a regular basis. The mass incarceration of Blacks in America wherein the United States incarcerates more of its minority citizens than all other countries combined across the globe, is a reflection of the systematic abuse of minorities by the criminal justice system. The reason that the police are so often noted as the "main problem" is because they are the most visible part of the system, but by no means are police the most vital part of the "trust" variable as police simply arrest and detain citizens when they do their jobs properly. Prosecutors, who have far more power in regard to actually charging individuals with offenses that can result in their loss of freedom, are more responsible for the lack of trust as they use their discretion to primarily target minority offenders for nonviolent drug offenses. This is the reason that the prison population ballooned in 40 years from 1970-2010. The prison population was approximately 200-300,000 in 1970 but by 2010, the population in prison, which is c omprised of 60-70% African Americans, was 2-3 million. Over 80% of these offenders are nonviolent drug offenders who engage in the same behavior that 10s of millions of whites engage in, yet police are instructed by society in general and legislators specifically, to enforce drug laws against urban youths in minority communities. In addition, legislators from both congressional parties have been

Winnipeg General Strike of 1919

Winnipeg General Strike of 1919 For six weeks in the summer of 1919 the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba was crippled by a massive and dramatic general strike. Frustrated by unemployment, inflation, poor working conditions and regional disparities after World War I, workers from both the private and public sectors joined forces to shut down or drastically reduce most services. The workers were orderly and peaceful, but the reaction from the employers, city council and the federal government was aggressive. The strike ended in Bloody Saturday when the Royal North-West Mounted Police attacked a gathering of strike supporters. Two strikers were killed, 30 wounded and many arrested. Workers won little in the strike, and it was another 20 years before collective bargaining was recognized in Canada. Causes of Winnipeg General Strike The immediate reasons for the building trades and metal workers going on strike were for better wages and working conditions, for recognition of their unions and for the principle of collective bargaining.The broad sweep of the strike, which involved many non-unionized workers, was partly due to frustrations from World War I. Years of sacrifices during the war and high expectations for its aftermath were met with high unemployment, an industrial downturn, and inflation.The tight labor market had led to an increase in unions.The success of the Russian Revolution in 1917 had led not only to an increase in socialist and labor ideas but also a fear of revolution on the part of those in authority. Beginning of Winnipeg General Strike On May 1, 1919, after months of labor negotiations building workers in Winnipeg, Manitoba went on strike.On May 2, metalworkers went on strike when the employers of the main metalwork factories in Winnipeg refused to negotiate with their union.The Winnipeg Trades and Labour Council (WTLC), the umbrella organization for local labor, called a general strike in sympathy on May 15. About 30,000 workers, both unionized and non-unionized, left their jobs.The Winnipeg general strike was coordinated by the Central Strike Committee with delegates from the unions affiliated with the WTLC. The strike was orderly, with workers avoiding providing any excuse to provoke military force. Essential services were maintained.The Citizens Committee of 1000, made up of manufacturers, bankers, and politicians, provided organized opposition to the strike. The Strike Heats Up The Citizens Committee ignored the strikers demands and with the assistance of local newspapers accused the strikers of Bolshevism, of being enemy aliens and of undermining British values.On May 22, the federal Minister of Labour, Senator Gideon Robertson, and the federal minister of the interior and acting minister of justice Arthur Meighen met with the Citizens Committee. They refused to meet with the Central Strike Committee.Within the week, federal government employees, provincial government employees, and municipal workers were ordered to return to work. An amendment to the Immigration Act was rushed through Parliament to allow the deportation of British-born strike leaders and the definition of sedition in the Criminal Code was expanded.On May 30, the Winnipeg police refused to sign a no-strike pledge. They were fired and an 1800-man force of Specials was hired to tame the strike. They were supplied with horses and baseball bats.On June 17, the strike leaders were arrested in l ate-night raids. The city council outlawed the regular demonstration marches, both pro and anti-strike, by veterans. Bloody Saturday On June 21, which came to be known as Bloody Saturday, strikers pushed over and set fire to a streetcar. The Royal North-West Mounted Police attacked the crowd of strike supporters gathered outside City Hall, killing two and injuring 30. The Specials followed the crowd as it dispersed through the streets, beating protesters with baseball bats and wagon spokes. The army also patrolled the streets with machine guns.Authorities shut down the strikers paper, the Western Labour News, and arrested its editors.On June 26, afraid of more violence, the strike leaders called off the strike. Results of Winnipeg General Strike The metalworkers went back to work without a pay increase.Some workers were jailed, some were deported, and thousands lost their jobs.Seven strike leaders were convicted of a conspiracy to overthrow the government and jailed for up to two years.In the 1920 Manitoba provincial election, 11 labor candidates won seats. Four of them were strike leaders.It was another 20 years before collective bargaining was recognized in Canada.Winnipegs economy went into a decline.Winnipeg remained divided between the Tory south end and the working class north.

Idioms and Expressions With All

Idioms and Expressions With All The following English idioms and expressions use the word all. Each idiom or expression has a definition and three example sentences to help your  understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with all.   All-Nighter Definition: Do something (for instance a study session) that lasts all night We pulled an all-nighter to get ready for the exam.The graduation party was an all-nighter.Im afraid Im going to have to pull an all-nighter to get the report ready for tomorrow. All Over Something Definition: Very fond of something Hes all over the latest fashions.Peters all over antique furniture.Im all over that authors works. All Right Definition: Yes, okay, fine Thats all right by me!All right! I got an A on my term paper.I think hes all right with the changes we foresee.   All Shook Up Definition: extremely excited, worried, or disturbed about something Hes all shook up about his mothers illness.Wow! Im all shook up about Alice.I dont want you to get all shook up over the news. All That and Then Some Definition: even more than what has been mentioned He did all that and then some to get the new job.Yes, thats right. All that and then some!I think hell do all that and then some in order to get the company back on its feet.   All the Way (With Go) Definition: do something completely Hes going all the way for the scholarship.We went all the way to California on our vacation.I think you can go all the way to finals in this competition. Dash It All Definition: Expression used when very upset Dash it all! I didnt do very well.Dash it all! She cant come this weekend.Im afraid the position didnt work out. Dash it all! For All I Know Definition: Based on what I know (usually expressing displeasure) For all I know, hell come and win the prize.Theyve decided to hire Jack for all I know.For all he knows, she wants to get married.   Free for All Definition: Crazy, non-restricted activity (generally a fight) It was a free for all! Everyone went crazy!They stepped in to break up the free for all.Black Friday is generally a free for all that I try to avoid.   Have It All together Definition: Be very poised, successful He has it all together. The house, the wife, the kids, the great job - everything!I was very impressed with the candidate. She seemed to have it all together.I hope the new recruit has it all together. We need a team player.   Hold All the Aces Definition: Have all the advantages Unfortunately, Tom holds all the aces right now. Youll have to do what he says.Im holding all the aces so I can do whatever I want.Im afraid this is a situation in which you dont hold all the aces. Know All the Angles Definition: Be very clever about something Jack knows all the angles. Be careful!The salesman knew all the angles, and by the end of our talk I had bought a new computer!If you need some help with math talk to Peter. He knows all the angles.   Know It All Definition: Someone who seems to know everything and lets everybody know that he / she knows everything, used in a negative sense I know you think you are a know it all, but you dont know everything.  I hate Tom. Hes such a know it all in class.Dont think you know it all.   Not All There Definition: Not intelligent, not completely focused on an activity Im afraid Peter is not all there. He needs some help badly.Unfortunately, I was not all there and lost the final match.Be quiet. The boss is not all there today. Give him plenty of room. Of All the Nerve Definition: expression of anger at someones behavior Of all the nerve! Did you see how that woman treated me?Of all the nerve! She took my seat!You didnt buy him a present?! Of all the nerve! That guy has always treated you well.   Once and for All Definition: Finally (usually putting an end to something) Im going to stop his behavior once and for all!Lets get this over once and for all.Id like to review the grammar one more time. Hopefully, this will make it clear once and for all.   Pull out All the Stops Definition: make every possible effort to do something He pulled out all the stops on the exam.Were going to pull out all the stops on our presentation.Id like to throw a huge party that pulls out all the stops.   You Cant Win Them All Definition: Expression of acceptance after a loss or disappointment Well, you cant win them all. Lets go home.You did your best. You cant win them allI tried to get the job, but I didnt. You cant win them all.

Media Coverage of Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Media Coverage of Climate Change - Essay Example The mention of virtue is ridiculed, and even the word itself has fallen out of favor" (1928). This assignment reflects on the media coverage of climate change in United Kingdom and struggle towards exploring how British newspaper reports on climate change. There are some historical issues that have been discussed in this analytical report. It also provide with the literature review of history of climate change and how the media contributed a great deal towards communicating environmental issues. It also sheds light on how some famous newspapers of Britain reporting on climate change. According to research, if newspapers do not exaggerate it will be more meaningful and real to public. As a reporter, they need to find out how they can report the news that engage public and awake their attention rather than create havoc among them. The review of literature will look at several British newspapers related to reporting climate change. It will also shed some light on what is Climate change, what is Global Warming and how it effects the environment. Climate is the pattern of weather in a particular place, how much windy and sunshine it gets, how much rain it's going to be is all included in weather change. As we all know the world climate is all under the influence of sun. Since the beginning of the universe, the earth rotates on a tilted axis, and because of this different of the world is heated at different times making some places hotter than other and cause change in season. The change in temperature causes the change in air pressure, producing storms, hurricanes. The sun's temperature also warms up the seas unevenly which sometimes causes underwater winds. Association between atmosphere and oceans sometimes produce critical weather patterns such as El-Nino, a sort of strange weather happens every few years in the pacific. Scientists are of the view that large amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere, and hotter temperature on earth affects the climate and brings change across the whole planet. And this change is already on its way to earth in different parts of the world. But it's nothing new. Earth's climate has been changing over from the past hundreds of millions of years, sometime getting colder sometimes warmer. Climate change people talk about these days is somewhat different. Scientists believe that it is not happening naturally but our way of living and consumption is making it happen. Mostly it is caused by gradual increase in fossil fuels. Traditional or natural climate change makes the whole world hotter or cooler, whereas modern climate change is making more erratic changes all over the places, making some places hotter and some cooler. This is what Global Warming is. Global warming works according to climate change. It's all because of what people do. Earth is getting warmer year by year but not in the sense of short term. It has been happening since 1990. Since then the whole planet has warmed up upto 0.8 degrees centigrade. And it is likely that by the end of the 21st century it's going to get 2.5 degree centigrade

Philosophy Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy Statement - Essay Example lieve that teachers need to inculcate values such as punctuality and politeness and also instill a sense of responsibility within the students towards their own actions. In turn this will help the students to gain an insight into what is right and wrong and take the right decisions in their academic, personal life and all future endeavors. Thus teachers play a vital role in shaping the personality of their students apart from teaching the subject and hence play a dual role of both an educator as well as a counselor. I will also work to create a good rapport with my students as I believe it will pave the way for better interaction and understanding of the student’s thought process. Mere teaching of the subject would only be a professional approach which will not create a bond between the teacher and the student. Spending quality time with all the students and an unbiased attitude would help the students to share a good comrade with their teachers. However, it is also important for teachers to bear in mind the limits of their relationship and help the student to understand the same. When such an understanding is established it will prevent each one from taking advantage of the other. This would help to provide the right motivations for the students and prevent any form of deviant behavior. Thus with my educational experiences and a strong inclination in taking up career in teaching I assure that I will be an able teacher and provide the right guidance to all my

The Concept of Good Versus Evil Essay Example for Free

The Concept of Good Versus Evil Essay I think that it is in all of us as humans to do right but, at the same time I think that we all can be evil and have been evil at some point and time in our lives whether it was intentional or unintentional. Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill had ideas about good and evil. They both had ideas about how to live your life with having morals. The characters in this movie represent a mix of good, evil, and the grey area in between. Amy is the embodiment of good, as she wants only to live a simple life void of violence. This is until she is met with the choice of watching her husband die or taking action to save him. Through this difficult decision, she breaks her cultures laws to save the one that she loves. This was, by her morals, an evil action, but was portrayed as a good action in the movie. This to a small extreme was a â€Å"Deontologist† action, as Amy felt it was her duty to save her husband regardless of consequence. Prior to this class I have never heard of a movie (Western) called, â€Å"High Noon. † I borrowed the movie from a friend and watched it. After watching this movie I thought that it was almost as good as, â€Å"Shane. † (Western) In watching this movie the theorist that we are studying about, theories can be depicted. Kane was the main actor in this movie. He got married to a nice lady (Amy) who I think was full of morals and on the day he got married Kane turned in his police badge and was preparing to leave town. Kane sentenced a man to a number of years in prison. He was told that this man (Frank Miller) would arrive back in the town at 12 noon on the train to seek revenge against him which made him feel compelled that he had to turn around and face his opponent. He was faced with a difficult decision. He had decided in the beginning to separate from his spouse and, I am thinking not because he didn’t love her but, to protect her and keep her out of harm’s way because of what he had done to Frank Miller. He had no definite intentions on what Frank Miller and his crew was capable of and Kane didn’t want his wife’s life being put in any danger. Kane was looking for the people in the town to back him up because it was four of these men to his one and because he has kept this town protected for so long. Instead of the town standing behind him, they turned their backs on him and tried to convince him to leave town. The people in the town told him that if he left it would be beneficiary to the entire town. I think Kane was full of morals as well. He is such a remarkable character in terms of self-respect, morality and inner strength. Kane still wanted to do his duty as sheriff and protect the people in the town even though he knew it could cost him his marriage as well as his life. I think Kane represents Kant’s theory of, â€Å"Deontological. † Deontology is sometimes described as â€Å"duty†, â€Å"obligation† or â€Å"rule. † Kant feels like if you have a duty in life and/or if there is something for you to do then, it is your moral duty to follow through with it and complete your task as assigned. Some Deontologist believes that whatever some actions are wrong and it doesn’t matter what the consequences are. Deontologists are so absolute. You would also think they were, â€Å"Holy Madonna’s. † Immanuel Kant on the other hand believed the jack opposite. He believes the only time you would be classified as a good person of morals would be if you did a good deed. According to Kant, if you didn’t do a good deed then, you were not of good morals. The people in the entire town, I would refer to them as the, â€Å"Consequentialist,† because the main interest lye in the betterment of the people in that town even though what that thought was good was wrong. The people in the town care about Kane so much, they are willing to help him but, they also think that it would be in his best interest to flee out of town, to avoid being in strife with the people of the town. The people in the town were I think, expecting a favorable solution towards Miller from the Northerners. Their solution is the betterment of the people in the town as far as their thoughts are concerned. Kane turned everywhere looking for men in the town that considered themselves as his friend to help in this battle. He couldn’t find anyone so, he went to the church. Kane thought he’d found some men willing to assist him take on Miller and his friends but, some of the people in the church congregation thought that violence was wrong and, would not help him. They opened the floor up in church for everyone to say something. At the end of all of the conversations, the town concluded again it would be best for Kane to leave town. They thought that if Kane would leave and his presence isn’t there, when the men arrived they would be no need to for the gun down because Kane would not be there and that would probably lead the men to turn around and leave. This is also an example of a consequentialist. He is putting the town’s need before Kane’s by avoiding violence all together and this is not helping Kane. I think that it’s an evil act and very backstabbing. Coopers performance is extremely powerful and he received a thoroughly deserved Oscar for it. After everyone turns their back on Kane, he finally goes to the office and wait. He hears the whistle blowing from the noon day train. He goes and hides out as he awaits and sees Miller and his men pass by. Kane comes from his hiding spot and yells out Miller’s name and they begin shooting. Kane shoots all but Miller and one of his men. Kane hides again in another shop shooting back and forth with Miller and the last standing man. Amy (the virtuous and devoted wife I call her) gets off the train and comes back to help her husband. She shoots the last man with Miller in the back. Violence is against Amy’s religious beliefs but in order to save her husband, she does what a wife is suppose to do morally (I think) when your husband needs help. I would have done the same thing for husband at any cost! Amy does feels sorry after she killed the man. Miller takes Amy hostage at her weak point in exchange for Kane to presence to surface which he did. Amy takes her nails and claws Miller’s face and this is when Kane took advantage of this moment and shot Miller two times. All the people in the town rush out into the streets because they couldn’t believe their eyes. They really thought that Kane wasn’t capable of taking on Miller and his men by himself. Amy his rib (biblical) came out of the wood works, a woman that is and helped her husband conquer this battle. Kane took off his badge and threw it down and had this look of disappointment on his face. He and Amy left for good. This was the end of the movie. After watching this movie, I absolutely loved it. Amy went against her religious beliefs to help her husband as what any devoted wife would do and if this is not the exact epitome of morals then, I don’t know what is. Kane on the other hand, had every opportunity to leave and stay gone but, because he felt it was his duty, â€Å"deontology,† he came back after finding out that Miller and his men would be in on the noon day train. He was determined to face his adversary and he won in the end. What a story! Again, I absolutely loved this story. References Kay, C. K. (1997). Deontology. Retrieved article http://webs. wofford. edu/kaycd/ethics Kant, I. (1781). Sommers, C. Sommers, F. (2010), Vice and Virtue in everyday life: Introductory readings in ethics (8th ed. ), Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. ISBN: 9780495601616. Mill, J. S. (1863). Sommers, C. Sommers, F. (2010), Vice and Virtue in everyday life: Introductory readings in ethics (8th ed. ), Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. ISBN: 9780495601616.

The Perils of Regionalism:Genocide in Rwanda :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Priestley’s â€Å"Wrong Ism†, he claims that nationalism is not the strength that binds a country together, but rather all of the small local areas we are all accustomed to growing up in that gives us strength. Priestley considers nationalistic ideas and movements to be headed by people who have a love of power and who have left out their regional ties. They no longer have feelings for the areas they came from and any loyalty developed over their lifetime is watered down.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Priestley feels regionalism needs to be given more credit. He assumes it provides us with roots and a sense of attachment to our community which affect people’s lives in such a way that it creates a unique bond that can be very hard to break. So in a sense, regionalism shapes our identities and I agree with his assumption that people view themselves more as part of their region rather than a part of their nation. Loyalty to one’s region can be compromised when individuals allow national power and greed to destroy their roots.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many examples of how nationalism tries to take over a region to destroy its people. For instance genocide, in nearly all examples, has been started by a power-hungry national figure who has an agenda in mind that never takes into account what a local area's wish might be for their future. Hitler is an example of this type of authoritarian oppressor who had a very complex national strategy in place to exterminate the Jews. He certainly did not consider or recognize regional differences in Europe, but rather put forth his own agenda. Genocide is on a whole different level than all other crimes against humanity. The circumstance I will describe shows how Priestley’s concept of internationalism also comes into play showing how our global watchdog agencies, such as the UN, can be slow to respond to an atrocity. For the most part, the UN has avoided and has not responded to many genocidal conflicts. Every time subjects of genocide or other similar crime s against humanity have come up, debate was intense. This probably occurred because of the many different world perspectives and ideas concerning human suffering. In addition, the punishment of genocide deals with the crime after the annihilation of people occurs. The real problem to be dealt with is that of prevention of such crimes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems that a large percentage of every population are ready to obey national authority and be controlled, especially when many of the people are suffering from oppression and

(Cyp 3.1.2.3)

Explain how theories of development and frameworks to support development influence current practice (CYP 3. 1. 2. 3) Jean Piaget is the most widely known of all educational theorists and perhaps the main contributor to current practice of education. Piaget made vast contributions to the direction, meaning and understanding of contemporary constructivism. Examples of Piaget's contributions include his ideas that knowledge should be actively constructed by a child and learning activities should match the level of the development stage of each child. Also, several major approaches to the national curriculum and instruction are based on Piaget’s theory. For instance, Piaget influenced many teaching techniques such as the focus on the process of the child's thinking and the active role of the learner. Piaget's focus on the process of the child thinking promoted the development of the stages of cognitive development. Teachers use the stages in today's classroom as a way to gauge a child's cognitive functioning. This permits the development of activities and learning experiences that are at the correct cognitive development stage for the child's ability to learn. Piaget recognised that children must be self-initiated and actively involved in learning activities. A current application of this concept today can be found, many of the national curriculum material include interactive activities and even educational software for the child to engage in self-controlled learning. Another well known, and perhaps one of the most controversial theorists to date, is Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalytic theories of development began with the work of Freud, who believed that early childhood experiences had a lasting effect on further development of the individual thus having a lasting influence over the way children are educated today and the psychology behind the way this is executed. For example, early education through play, making it both an enjoyable and positive experience for children. Abraham Maslow developed a humanistic theory that has influenced education. This wide influence is due in part to the high level of practicality of Maslow's theory, many people find they can understand what Maslow says and they can relate to some features of their experience or behaviour which they have never put into words. Humanists do not believe that human beings are pushed and pulled by mechanical forces, either of stimuli and reinforcements (behaviorism) or of unconscious instinctual impulses (psychoanalysis). Humanists focus upon potentials, they believe that individuals strive for an upper level of capabilities and seek the frontiers of creativity, the highest reaches of consciousness and wisdom. Maslow calls this level â€Å"self-actualisation† within his ‘hierarchy of needs’. Maslow believes that the only reason that an individual would not move well in the direction of self-actualisation is because of hindrances placed in their way by society. He states that education is one of these hindrances, he recommends ways education can switch from its usual person-stunting tactics to person-growing approaches. JOANNE CORBETT Maslow states that educators should respond to the potential an individual has for growing into a self-actualising person and this has had great influence over the way education is now taught. Teachers are striving for holistic individual learning experiences rather than mass class lead approaches, current practice includes ability grouping and resources put in place for ‘gifted and talented’ children. The frameworks for current practice are mainly based around an holistic approach. Social pedagogy supports development and assumes a holistic approach to children’s needs – health, schooling, leisure, family life, spiritual life and so on – the whole child. It collaborates education with all other areas involved in how a child develops. Albert Bandura plays a major part in holistic development today; he is thought to be one of the most influential theorists of current education, with his social learning theory which believes people learn new behaviour through observational learning of the social factors in their environment. For example, if people observe positive, desired outcomes, then they are more likely to model, imitate and adopt the behaviour themselves. Teachers now understand the importance of providing a professional, positive role model for children to look up to. Burrhus Frederic Skinner is the American theorist behind operant conditioning which deals with the modification of â€Å"voluntary† (operant) behaviour. Operant conditioning is maintained by its consequences of reinforcement and punishment, both positive and negative. One of the distinctive aspects of Skinner's theory is that it attempted to provide behavioural explanations for a broad range of cognitive phenomena. For example, Skinner explained motivation in terms of deprivation and reinforcement schedules therefore perant conditioning has been widely applied within teaching with the use of positive reinforcement particularly for motivation and classroom management. Which bring us to our final theorist, John Watson who developed behaviourism with classical conditioning, most controversially with â€Å"Little Albert† a 9 month old boy he (along with Rayner) conditioned to be afraid of a white rat, where the stimuli was moderated (as oppose to Skinner, who moderates the response). Teachers are able to apply classical conditioning in the class by creating a positive classroom environment to help children overcome anxiety or fear. Pairing an anxiety-provoking situation, such as performing in front of a group, with pleasant surroundings helps the child learn new associations. Instead of feeling anxious and tense in these situations, the child will learn to stay relaxed and calm. This essay is not exhaustive of the many theories which have enriched education and the way it is currently practiced but merely gives an overview of some of the leading theorists that are utilised within schools today. 901 WordsJOANNE CORBETT

The Goals Of Management In Dealing With People Commerce Essay

Management trades with people, their thoughts and things related to them. In a simple signifier direction can be defined as the art of things acquiring done through people in groups organized officially [ 8 ] . Management is the procedure where groups of people are involved in public presentation of organized activities. In an organisation with a big figure of employees the procedure of direction directs the directors to execute some maps such as planning, staffing, commanding, forming and directing to acquire things done by others. Organizational behaviour can be used to better the direction patterns for act uponing the employees efficaciously and working with them. Management is the key to obtaining organisational effectivity. Organizational effectivity depends on run intoing the rapid altering demands of the organisation such as holding the right people for the right occupation and at the right clip. It helps understand the production and behavioural control in an organisation. The survey of organisational behaviour in an organisation has the undermentioned advantages: It helps to spread out the skyline of direction. It helps better the organisational public presentation in line with the single public presentation which include reward systems, leading, motive etc. , It helps develop committedness among the employees to accomplish their personal ends thereby accomplishing the ends of the company. It helps to understand, predict and command the behaviour in the organisation. There are legion factors that determine the successful public presentation in an organisation, but for our treatment we will see few of import factors which are as follows: Recruitment and Choice Training and development Reward through proper Performance Appraisal System Effective Communication Skills Developing Dedication by Motivating employees Besides, there are many factors that contribute to the altering nature of work at organisation, but the two chief factors are: Current market scenario requires organisations to be more competitory and client focused, hence there is an increased force per unit area on the organisation The discovery in IT and communicating is another factor. For illustration Mobile and cyberspace have made work to be separated from clip and infinite. Organizations have changed their focal point and their chief rules are: Specifying vision and values from the consumer ‘s position Making a value concatenation i.e. , specifying activities and procedure that add value to clients and associate them Remove activities that add no value to the organisation. Reducing inefficiencies in the undertakings in an organisation. These rules have added value to the organisation enabling them to react quickly to clients ‘ demands and back uping alteration and encouraging invention. I would besides be discoursing the assorted alterations in the nature of modern work environment relevant to the factors I ‘ve stated above. Recruitment and Selection [ 5 ] Recruitment is procedure in which a qualified and suited individual is selected for a occupation in a company. The enlisting procedure is the duty of the HR section and assorted methods are available for this procedure such as interviews, aptitude trial, questionnaires etc. , It is a forming stage and is the most hard stage for the directors. Let us see the enlisting and choice procedure at Tesco. There are different ways through which Tesco advertises its vacancies. It first advertises its vacancy internally through intranet for two hebdomads. This provides an chance for the current employees looking for a alteration at the same degree or for a publicity. Tesco advertises its vacancies on the web at www.tesco-careers.com for external enlisting. It besides displays vacancy boards on its shops. For managerial places the applications are made online. The appliers chosen will hold to first undergo an interview and for the concluding phase they will hold attending at the appraisal Centre. A waiting list of appliers is prepared by the shops and as the occupations become available campaigners are finalized. Specialist occupations as bakers and druggists are advertised externally through the undermentioned agencies: Through the web and offline media Through telecasting and wireless Through advertizements in newspapers and magazines. As many other companies Tesco besides looks frontward for cost- effectual manner of pulling appliers. Though advertisement on media and magazines is expensive but sometimes this becomes indispensable to pull suited people for the vacancy. Choice can be defines as choosing the most suited individual from the list of campaigners who have applied for the vacancy taking into consideration the Torahs and ordinances of employment. Screening is an of import portion of the choice procedure and ensures that the selected campaigners for the interview will be best suited for the occupation. There are different phases in the showing procedure. In the first phase, the pickers at Tesco look through the CV ‘s of the appliers as this briefs the campaigner ‘s instruction and occupation history. A CV helps to measure whether the campaigner meets the specification for the occupation. Screening is followed by the campaigner who attends the appraisal Centre. This procedure takes topographic point either in shop and are run by directors. The campaigners are assessed through assorted exercisings such as squad work and job resolution. This besides provides consistence in the choice procedure. In the modern work environment, the choice and enlisting procedure has become more sophisticated and elaborate to choose for the best cognition and accomplishments in the market. The figure of testing procedures that organisations hold to choose the right campaigners has increased and besides the type of trials have become more extremist in their attack. Trials such as psychological rating and emphasis interviews are a common pattern in today ‘s work environment.Training and DevelopmentTraining is really indispensable for the freshly recruited employees. It is besides really indispensable for the employees already employed so that their accomplishments are up to day of the month and in line with the latest tendencies and engineerings. Training is going an indispensable portion of every organisation these yearss. Employees are made to undergo developing plans in order to maximise their possible to run into organisation ends. Lashkar-e-taibas us consider Barclays for our instance survey here. Training is a really important undertaking for the Human Resource section at Barclays. The chief ground for this being the initiation plan helps employees understand the assorted policies and the construction of their occupations. This will besides give employees plenty clip to set themselves to the environment in the organisation together with bring oning new thoughts and accomplishments in the employees. Training is the most hard and ambitious portion in the organisation as it is a uninterrupted procedure where the trainer moving as a alteration agent makes trainees acquire familiar with the new organisation. The followers are the chief preparation purposes at Barclay: It helps to increase the degree of assurance and motive in employees It creates a feeling of accomplishment and personal satisfaction Improves the quality of staff and improves their accomplishments. The above are the conducive factors that the aid the HR achieve their end of doing the employees feel a portion of the organisation. Choosing a suited a trainer is a really ambitious issue as he a jobber between the employees and the organisation. The trainer has the undermentioned duties. The trainer must measure the demand for developing the person and put up a preparation plan for the employee in order to make the ultimate end of the organisation. He must plan the preparation plan. The most of import undertaking at Barclays Plc is group engagement. Hence the chief purpose of the trainer would be to promote this undertaking. The trainer acts as a courier between the employees and the direction. The trainer must do certain that the freshly learned accomplishments are being practically applied. He will make up one's mind the demand for farther preparation on the footing of the current public presentation assessment. In the modern work environment employees are keener on maintaining themselves in touch with the latest technological development. They ever pick up accomplishments and heighten their cognition quotient so as to confront the turning competition in the current work environment. Therefore using preparation and development strategies would be easier and would better the overall quality of the work force.Performance Appraisal and Reward SystemPerformance assessment is a procedure where public presentation of an employee is assessed in footings of expected ends set for them. On the footing of public presentation appraisal the company decides publicities, expirations, the degree of supervising and the responsibilities and duties to be assigned to the employees. During the stage of public presentation appraisal the existent public presentation of the employees is assessed and evaluated. The HRM is responsible for the public presentation assessment and it is its responsibility to go through t he information accurately and impartially to the direction so that necessary and future disciplinary steps can be taken. The HRM faces the undermentioned issues during public presentation assessment: Recognition and designation of an employee ‘s strengths and failings. This will assist to use the strengths more efficaciously and the necessary stairss to be taken to get the better of the persons failing. In certain instances employees should be given full attempt, therefore the HRM should place the jobs which are doing this. This besides provides information needed for HR planning and act as an input to the HR section. This acts as a footing to do determinations such as schemes and future long term aims. It is the responsibility of the human resource direction to make a method of public presentation assessment and system of wages. The method created should be in line with the aims of preparation and development plan. Defined criterions should be set to mensurate public presentation. The HRM should make up one's mind who will be utilizing the assessment method and appraised by the method created. The HRM should garner feedback from the employees about the assessment method created, this will move as beginning of hiking the employees morale. This will assist the employees assess their strengths and failing. This will further promote the employees to make better to acquire a wages from the organisation. Employees in the organisation attempt to make undertakings that will non alone acquire them wagess in the signifier of fillips and inducements but acknowledgment in signifier of certifications and decorations and besides assessment for making something new and advanced. This will assist actuate the employees. In the instance of Barclays the wages system is really of import as this will assist act upon the employees to make something better and advanced. The wages system finally acts as a motivational factor for growing in future and is non an easy undertaking. As this depends on the duty and the type of occupation being done. [ 7 ] If the public presentation direction system is handled carefully and decently, leads to outstanding public presentation by employees and increases the degree of motive diminishing the absenteeism deficiency of morale of employees. Performance assessment and wages strategies are critical in today ‘s work environment because employees today are more influenced by the corporate life style and are ever in the sentinel for better occupation chances and hiked wages. Therefore it is indispensable for organisations to maintain their employees loyal towards them, and the easiest and most effectual manner of making it is public presentation assessment and wages strategies.Effective Communication SkillsEffective communicating is nil but an art of conveying our message clearly to other people. It involves a batch of attempt for effectual communicating as any mistake or deformation will ensue in misunderstanding of message. Lack of effectual communicating may ensue in deficiency of information, misinterpretations, employee public presentation may diminish which may finally impact the company ‘s turnover. Ineffective communicating may go a beginning of struggle and thwart the employees. The director ‘s ina bility to pass on efficaciously may take to the inability of employee non executing good as per the company demands. This happens when the employee is non cognizant of what is requested of him and finally leads employee dissatisfaction. Effective communicating has its ain benefits in the workplace. Effective communicating from directors to employees will ensue in the employees making their occupation good. A good direction manner together with a positive communicating attack will be rather effectual in the workplace and will take to better understanding between the employee and director. For an organisation to be successful communicating should go on both internally and externally. Internal communicating: between direction and employees. External communicating: this takes topographic point between staff and clients. Let us see Vodafone as a instance survey to exemplify the effectual communicating accomplishments [ 3 ] Internal Communication [ 2 ] : this takes topographic point inside the organisation between the employees and direction. Here the employees act as stakeholders. This communicating may take topographic point in any of the signifiers listed below: Vertically: this the top down attack which happens from the senior employees to juniors associates. The ultimate end here is to better the public presentation of undertakings and do the junior employees understand the company ‘s precedences and demands. Horizontally: this takes topographic points between assorted squads and across sections. The end here is to do certain functions are efficaciously carried out and undertakings completed. Intranet with restricted entree to people within the concern is a great tool for advancing better communicating. External communicating [ 1 ] : this takes topographic point with clients. Vodafone has laid a rule for communicating as â€Å" We will pass on openly and transparently with all of our stakeholders within the bounds of commercial confidentiality † . Vodafone believes that this will cut down the barriers to communicating. It makes certain that its messages are conveyed both verbally and not verbally. For verbal communicating the company has set contact centres so that the staff can be in direct contact with the clients and farther giving an chance for its staff to speak to the clients about the issues. Non verbal communicating can take topographic point through assorted methods such as advertizements in telecasting, newspapers and other media, the Vodafone logo. This besides acts as a method of finding the place of the trade name. Further methods of non verbal communicating include SMS to reach certain clients. Gross saless information can be reached out to clients through literature in the Vodafone stores. The many signifiers of communicating through which Vodafone reaches out to its clients are as below: Promotion and gross revenues material- Vodafone makes certain that the advertisement stuff is right and follows its Business rules. This besides helps the information reaches out responsibly to its stakeholders together with advancing its merchandises and services. Awareness and Information: Vodafone promoted the usage of nomadic phones responsibly in the autos. It took the complex stuff and translated the information in easy to understand signifier and made the public aware of the new jurisprudence and appropriate usage of phones in the auto. Explanation and counsel: nomadic phones have wellness effects on human existences. But the latest scientific research has something new and Vodafone needs to convey these findings clearly to the clients. Communication in today ‘s work environment is non merely of import as a agency of better procedure flow but besides as a agency to convey all the employees together as a individual unit. This is truly good when the employees have to work in a squad environment. In today ‘s work environment, employees have entree to societal web web sites which are capable to increase the bond between employees and better their attempt as a squad.Motivation to give EmployeesA good motivated staff is a key to a productive and pleasant environment in a workplace. Motivating the employees must be one of the cardinal duties of a director. An effectual direction and leading reflect through effectual motive of employees in the workplace. Understanding the human nature is a cardinal to effectual employee motive. The key to public presentation betterment in an organisation is motive. Motivation is really indispensable for any concern to last and stand out. Motivation is a accomplishment and must be learnt. Performance can be defined as a map of ability and motive as below Job performance= map ( ability ) ( motive ) Ability depends on instruction and preparation. Motivation has the undermentioned seven schemes through which it can be initiated: Fair intervention of people Positive and high outlooks Discipline Satisfying the demands of the employees Puting ends at work To reconstitute the occupations Set wagess and acknowledgment for public presentation Every organisation has its ain ways to actuate the employees to guarantee that ends and marks are reached [ 4 ] . Motivation plays a critical function in today ‘s work environment. Due to the cut-throat competition between organisations, it can be seen as a common pattern for organisations to engage their challenger ‘s best work force. So as to avoid that, employees need to be motivated non merely in footings of their inducements and salary bundles for their physical demands, but besides with congratulations and acknowledgment and better work environment to ease their psychological demands.Obstacles to Effective PerformanceThe chief obstructions to effectual public presentation in an organisation are as follows: Culture Change ConflictCultureCulture is related to beliefs, values and customary ways of making things. The chief ground for employees go forthing the company is cultural mismatch. Harmonizing to the present civilization employees are required to hold a clear apprehension of short term and long term ends. The employees are required to hold a shared vision and values every bit good as being productive and motivated. The organisational civilization is determined by the leading manner and patterns in an organisation and hence dramas an of import function particularly during acquisitions and amalgamations. Every organisation has a set of values and beliefs. When an employee is exposed to a new civilization, the person goes through a province known as civilization daze. When the companies merge the employees from the non dominant company demand to accommodate themselves to the new civilization of the dominant company. Let us see Barclay Plc for case. Barclay acquired Lehman Brothers and one of the major issues for Barclay after this acquisition is to take into consideration the two different civilizations in these two companies. Most of the employees of Lehman Brothers have left Barclay and a few did non fall in Barclay. This makes it clear that the employees are non ready to accommodate to the new values, leading manners, beliefs and patterns of the Barclay civilization. One of the biggest challenges to the direction at Barclay is to do employees accept the new civilization. The alteration in civilization finally has an consequence on the motive degree of the employees, their committedness to the organisation and their battle in work. Another effect of an acquisition is that the persons from the non dominant organisation will experience like loss of individuality and the others will hold a superior feeling. This will finally impact the company accomplish its ends and aims. Another major issue of civilization when the two organisations were merged is it will deviate the attending of the employees and do the less productive. The attending of employees will be diverted to issues such as occupation security, feeling of uncomfortableness working with new employees. Job security is the chief issue as there will be duplicate of sections and to pull off the staff, the organisation can cut down the work force. The occupation profiles may be redesigned which may hold an impact on the public presentation of the employees. The employee ‘s motive, attitude and public presentation are determined by the civilization. Motivation and civilization go manus in manus. More an employee is motivated ; the civilization will be healthier. The cardinal factor to be dealt in any organisation is motive. If an employee is non motivated decently so the employee will hold job accepting the new civilization which will impact the person ‘s ability to make the occupation efficaciously and expeditiously. The company should hold flexible civilization if a determination of acquisition is taken. This will let the new employees to set to the new civilization. Culture reflects the manner of direction and leading. A little alteration in the values, leading manner and thoughts will assist the new employees adjust to the new environment. This is non easy undertaking, but since Barclays has taken a determination of amalgamation it should be ready to see alterations in its civilization and leading manner.ChangeExcept for alteration nil is changeless in this universe. Every activity in an organisation consequences in some alteration. It can hold a positive or negative consequence depending on the communicating made through alteration. The acquisition of Barclay and Lehman Brothers bought together a immense alteration in both organisations. New schemes and policies, processs and work environment were created for work in both organisations. Change should affect people and non be imposed on people. Fixing the employees of an organisation for alteration is a really critical undertaking and it is the duty of the direction to make this. This can be done through assorted methods such as through unwritten communicating, via preparation plans or through guidance. The major ground for the Lehman employees go forthing Barclays when the two organisations were merged is that the alteration was non managed decently. The cardinal rules needed when be aftering to pull off alteration are as follows:Every individual reacts to alter otherwise.Each individual is different and has its ain perceptual experiences and penchants. A few people ever look frontward to alter and new things and it easy to manage them. But it is a really hard to manage people who ever like things the manner they were. These sort of people will see emphasis and dissatisfaction and negative attitude towards their opposite numbers penchants.Every individual has his ain demands and precedencesA few people work merely for money but a few for the ego and societal designation. Change can be managed efficaciously by planing occupations in a better manner through occupation redesign, occupation rotary motion direction etc.Pull offing outlooks realisticallyThe organisation should do clear to its employees that it can non do everyone happy at the same clip and this should be communicated efficaciously and realistically. The relation betwee n outlooks and world is really of import. The direction should make the undertakings listed below in order to pull off alteration efficaciously: The direction should animate people and put certain aims, ends and values for the organisation It should put up a communicating web such as face to confront interaction so that new thoughts and policies can be easy communicated. If there are any obstructions in the manner of communicating so those should be removed as this will assist people accept alteration. Change can be made inevitable by publicities, enlistings and wagess.ConflictsWhen Barclays merges with Lehman struggles were natural to originate as people from two different civilizations and two different companies were unifying. Get downing with little differences, struggles may make to higher degrees which will finally impact the organisation. Since the civilization of both organisations is different each will hold its ain thoughts, schemes, positions and ends. The different types of struggle that may originate when people of two different civilizations merge are as follows:Conflict with foremanSince the director has a more experience and bigger position it will non be good to meet struggle with the foreman. In order to avoid such a struggle it is better non to oppugn his authorization and any thoughts and positions should be presented in the signifier of suggestions.Conflict with co-workersDifferent point of position will take to conflict between employees. This can be done resolved through proper communicating.Conflicts with the subsidiariesConflicts can be grips efficaciously by one of the undermentioned ways: Each individual should be given freedom to show their positions. Conflicts can be sorted to a greater degree by placing positive minded people. Not everyone may hold a wide vision as ours. So communicating and discoursing our vision will assist maintain struggles off.DecisionThe base of any organisation depends on the policy, the values, the vision, the doctrine and ends set by the direction. These act as the drive force for the organisational civilization. Culture in a workplace determines the leading manner, the type of communicating and group kineticss within the organisation. The employees in the organisation perceive the civilization as a quality indispensable at work which has an impact on the grade of the employee ‘s motive. This ultimately affects the public presentation, personal growing and ego development which finally affect the organisation from accomplishing its ends. The above discussed constructs such as communicating, motive, civilization etc, do up merely a little portion of the theories of organisational behaviour and theory. The success of any organisation is determined by the application of the constructs of organisational behaviour in the organisation. The best manner to manage struggles in a workplace is to turn to them through treatments and arguments. Conflict can hold a positive consequence within the organisation if it is addressed efficaciously. A successful director is one who takes clip to turn to and cover with the struggle. This in bend will take to a healthy and diverse work environment.

History of Slavery Impact on Contemporary Society Sample Essay Essay Example

History of Slavery Impact on Contemporary Society Sample Essay Essay Example History of Slavery Impact on Contemporary Society Sample Essay Essay History of Slavery Impact on Contemporary Society Sample Essay Essay Annotated Bibliography Acharya, A., Blackwell, M., Sen, M. (2014). The political legacy of American slavery. The authors who workinclusively with the government and Harvard University were aiming to illustrate the differences in the political attitudes and behaviorsas a result of the American slavery prevalence back in the days. The American southern states which were majorly occupied by the black Americans slaves who were owned by the whites have political inclement in support of the Republican political party. This statetends to express their resentment towards the blacks and their behaviortowards the blacks is cold and condescending. The historical persistence and their rigidity to change their beliefs on racial equity are beyond reasonable limits. They are conservative in nature in their political attitudes and actions, and this has been passed from generation to generation. The northern states have integrated peacefully and have welcomed the idea of change in behaviors and attitudes and actions towards the black Americans. Most of the northern states are inclined to democratic politica l party. Bertocchi, G., Dimico, A. (2014). Slavery, education, and inequality. European Economic Review The author through his work investigates the diverse effects of the slavery in America on the prevailing income imbalances and disparity across the American states. The achievements and the great steps made by the black Americans and the political steps that have been made to achieve good social integration and nation building. Steps have been made by the national and local government in supporting the education and employment of the black in American citizens (Bertocchi, 2014). Legislative laws have been put in place to govern against discriminative actions against equality in education, political attitudes and freedom and the general equality of all citizens irrespective of race and ethnicity. Cooper, F., Holt, T. C., Scott, R. J. (2014). Beyond slavery: Explorations of race, labor, and citizenship in postemancipation societies. Chapel Hill: UNC Press Books. This book looks at society with respect to race, labor and citizenship after the end of slavery. In this book, the authors assert that to understand the emancipation process, there is need of investigating the labor systems which succeeded slavery. In the book, the authors point out that while slavery ended, challenges were still faced by former slaves and slave owners as they tried to adjust to the new developments. In this book, one learns that while slavery ended, racial differences with respect to labor and citizenship still persisted and these problems still persist to date. Everett, S. (2014). History of Slavery: An Illustrated History of the Monstrous Evil. Chartwell Books. This book tells the story of the developmentof slavery where it describes the trans-Atlantic trade which brought a millionslaves to America from Africa. The book also reviews the life of slaves under the subjugation and exploitation by whites. In the book, the author illustrates the harsh conditions that slaves were subjected to and how they tried to overcome this situation. The author also addresses the issue of abolition movement where she analyzes the events that led to the rise of the movement. The book concludes with looking at how slavery is an issue by analyzing how slavery continues to affect the contemporary society. R Lovejoy, P. E. (2009). Identity in the Shadow of Slavery. London: Continuum International Pub. Group. This book looks at the effect of slavery on enslaved Africans and their descendants. It addresses issues related to gender, cultural, and ethnic factors through which slaves and their descendants interpreted their lives thereby creating societies with a shared identity. The book provides insight into how slavery resulted in a change in identities of African slaves as well as the developmentof new identities through the interactionof European and African culture. The book offers a critical review of the theoretical and cultural parameters of the black Atlantic world and offers readers insight into international experiences during slavery and how these experiences have shaped the contemporary black society.

A brief analysis of Robert frosts poem the Gift Outright

A brief analysis of Robert frost's poem the Gift Outright The Gift Outright: Analysis of Robert Frost’s Poem Robert Frost’s poem The Gift Outright renders its readers with many interpretive options as to what analogies he is hiding behind his words. I think in Frost’s The Gift Outright, he is trying to emphasize that triumph, surrender, and sacrifice are what led to the outright gift that is America. For years, what is now America was a colony under the reign of the British; American’s identities were not solely in themselves but partially based in the British traditions that had been heavily emphasized- because of this many struggled to become one with the land. Colonials slowly fought for independence in each of the states; Frost uses this to exemplify when the Americans began to triumph over England’s rule and make the land thine own: â€Å"†¦She was ours/ In Massachusetts, in Virginia, / But we were England’s† (3-5). The author uses these lines to show that they do have small victories towards the progression of their own nation/land. But they are still England’s and are failing to be apart of the change that will shape and solidify their nation state; they posses the land, but the land does not posses them- they took over the land without taking over the responsibilities she came with. Triumph can only come if there is once a trial, and at times humanity surrenders to the trials they face. The gift of land came at a personal expense, a sacrifice; because they would not receive without first giving: â€Å"Such as we were we gave ourselves outright†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  Such as she was, such as she will bec ome.† (12,16). In these lines Frost is demonstrating that the imperfect citizens gave themselves to the imperfect land to build something much greater; the dedication of the people will help America to achieve its full potential by enhancing her with art and stories. Surrendering parts of themselves to the development of America is not the only sacrifice Frost exemplifies in his poem. The decolonization of America and the personalization of her land was the cause for the passing of many lives. The sacrifice and demise of many souls was subtly mentioned by Frost: â€Å"(The deed of the gift was many deeds of war)† (13). I think Frost is trying to prove that although the gift was outright, it was merely the opposite. The land was not entirely the peoples; it was fought for- a lot of conflict and oppression was ensued to create a free nation. Frost adopts the use of brackets; this allows for war to be mentioned indirectly but insists that the wages of war that resulted in victory, not be forgotten. Frost’s poem captivates the readers, making them feel the responsibilities and duties of the land that the Americans once felt as their own. Such allowed construal as the poem progressed and the meaning behind The Outright Gift became increasingly complex, and intimate. Frost depicted the American’s identity in an uncontemporary way through the triumph, surrender, and sacrifice that had been endured.

Methodology of a research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Methodology of a - Research Paper Example basis for drawing the research methodology for the current study is the research onion model, which has been developed and proposed by Saunders as depicted below which reflects that highlights considerations for planning and implementing a particular research methodology initiating from review of possible philosophies supporting different course of research approaches, strategies, and data collection and interpretation methods available for business researches. Furthermore, the chapter also discusses the limitations of the adopted methodology along with the indication of the steps undertaken by the researcher to overcome them. Considering the objective of the study that is to present and discuss the planning carried by event management companies in Bahrain and challenges faced by them in the planning process in relation to the existing literature on the research topic it could be inferred that the outcome of the present study is of qualitative nature and would result in recommendations for event management industry participants of Bahrain. On the basis of this understanding, the research design drawn for the present study is based on a research philosophy referred to as the interpretivist paradigm (Smith, et al., 2009). This research theory supports examination of human experiences, exploring individuals’ perspectives or motivations, and interpreting the outcome of their actions or views. This therefore requires the researcher to understand and interpret the subjectivity and interaction of individuals which affect the behavior of individuals and their motives to take certain actions (Saunders, et a l., 2007). This implies that the present study examines the experiences of individuals involved in planning process in the event management companies operating in Bahrain and evaluating different aspects of planning as discussed in the literature review chapter of this report. The methodology associated with the interpretivist paradigm is of qualitative nature. The